Second Wave: Theorizing of DE

During the Second Wave the progress of DE is questioned. Failure to consider "macro factors" was regarded by Moore as being the primary barrier to its progress. Regarding DE as a distinct form of education, he believe there must be "discrimination between its various components, and

to identify the critical elements of the various forms of learning and teaching" (Simonson, M. et al. (1999) pp. 1-4). M.G. Moore established a classification system, herein DE programming was designated as autonomous (learner-determined) or non-autonomous (teacher-determined), with dialog (2-way communication) and structure (responsiveness to learner needs) as its measurable elements.

REFERENCE:

Simon, M., Schlosser, C. and Hanson, D. (1999). Theory and distance education: A new discussion. The American Journal of Distance Education, 13(1), 60-63. Available from: http://www.box.com/s/fsq1r8xmyd6ehqf8oc28.